{"id":4072,"date":"2021-12-04T22:05:27","date_gmt":"2021-12-04T22:05:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forlife.ro\/?p=4072"},"modified":"2021-12-04T22:05:27","modified_gmt":"2021-12-04T22:05:27","slug":"mihail-kogalniceanu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/foredu.ro\/en\/mihail-kogalniceanu\/","title":{"rendered":"MIHAIL KOG\u0102LNICEANU"},"content":{"rendered":"
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de Beatrice Anisoiu<\/div>\n
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Repere biografice:\u00a0<\/b>1817-1891, originar din Ia\u0219i, fiu al unui \u00eenst\u0103rit boier moldovean, este primul copil din cei zece ai familiei, fiind botezat \u00een religia bisericii greco-ortodoxe.<\/span><\/div>\n
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Personalitate multilateral\u0103 a veacului XIX, Mihail Kog\u0103lniceanu a fost om politic, istoric, scriitor, jurnalist, avocat, diplomat, membru fondator al Societ\u0103\u0163ii Academice Rom\u00e2ne \u015fi pre\u015fedinte al Academiei Rom\u00e2ne.<\/span><\/div>\n
Frunta\u0219 al for\u021belor progresiste din Moldova, Kog\u0103lniceanu ca om politic a luptat \u00eempotriva privilegiilor boiere\u0219ti, dorind emanciparea economic\u0103 \u0219i social\u0103 a \u021b\u0103r\u0103nimii. A fost prim-ministru al Rom\u00e2niei, \u00een timpul domniei lui Alexandru Ioan Cuza, \u0219i mai t\u00e2rziu a servit ca ministru al Afacerilor Externe sub domnia lui Carol I.<\/span><\/div>\n
O personalitate cu o vast\u0103 experien\u0163\u0103 politic\u0103 \u015fi diplomatic\u0103, unul dintre liderii marcan\u0163i ai Partidului Na\u0163ional Liberal, Mihail Kog\u0103lniceanu este considerat unul dinte cei mai mari oameni de cultur\u0103 ai patriei noastre, contribuind cu succes la cercetarea istoriei na\u0163ionale \u015fi dezvoltarea literaturii rom\u00e2ne\u015fti.<\/span><\/div>\n
A fost redactor \u0219ef al revistei\u00a0Dacia Literar\u0103<\/b><\/i>\u00a0(1840) \u0219i profesor al\u00a0Academiei Mih\u0103ileane<\/b>\u00a0din Ia\u0219i, \u00eentreprinz\u00e2nd o larg\u0103 activitate cultural\u0103, c\u0103l\u0103uzit de sim\u021b\u0103m\u00e2ntul necesit\u0103\u021bii ca \u201erom\u00e2nii s\u0103 aib\u0103 o limb\u0103 \u0219i o literatur\u0103 pentru to\u021bi.\u201d<\/i><\/span><\/div>\n
S-a bucurat de a lungul vie\u021bii sale de prietenia lui Vasile Alecsandri, Nicolae B\u0103lcescu, a domnitorului Alexandru Ioan Cuza, a lui Grigore Alexandrescu, Ion Ghica, Costache Negruzzi, Alecu Russo, Dimitrie Bolintineanu \u0219i a altora, p\u0103rta\u0219i ai ideii de unire a rom\u00e2nilor de pretutindeni.<\/span><\/div>\n
Sinceritatea, d\u00e2rzenia \u0219i abnega\u021bia cu care Kog\u0103lniceanu a luat parte la luptele pentru cauzele ob\u0219te\u0219ti, s-au f\u0103cut nu o dat\u0103 \u021binta du\u0219m\u0103niei, persecu\u021biei \u0219i \u00eencerc\u0103rilor de asasinat. Considerat drept conduc\u0103tor politic al genera\u021biei pa\u0219optiste moldovene, domnitorul Mihail Sturdza va ordona \u00een martie 1848 pedepsirea revolu\u021bionarilor cu prec\u0103dere a lui Mihail Kog\u0103lniceanu. Despre acest eveniment vorbe\u0219te \u00eensu\u0219i Kog\u0103lniceanu \u00eentr-un discurs parlamentar din 1868: \u201eEra un pre\u021b de 500 de galbeni \u0219i un rang boieresc pentru cine m\u0103 \u00eempu\u0219ca.\u201d<\/span><\/div>\n
Ce nu \u0219tia\u021bi despre Mihail Kog\u0103lniceanu\u2026<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n
o\u00a0<\/b>La v\u00e2rsta de cinci ani, \u00een 1823, are loc \u00eenceputul form\u0103rii sale intelectuale, debutul instruirii av\u00e2nd loc la M\u0103n\u0103stirea Trei Ierarhi din Ia\u0219i, sub \u00eendrumarea unui c\u0103lug\u0103r format sub ideile iluministe ale \u0218colii Ardelene. Va studia de mic limbile: rom\u00e2n\u0103, greac\u0103 \u0219i mai ales franceza, memor\u00e2nd fabulele lui Lafontaine cu pasiune, vis\u00e2nd s\u0103 viziteze Fran\u021ba.<\/span><\/div>\n
o\u00a0<\/b>S-a cunoscut cu Vasile Alecsandri, \u00eenc\u0103 de la v\u00e2rsta de zece ani, iar cu el va lega o prietenie trainic\u0103 pentru \u00eentreaga via\u021b\u0103.<\/span><\/div>\n
o Poliglot \u00eenc\u0103 din timpul anilor de gimnaziu, Kog\u0103lniceanu vorbea \u0219i scria fluent \u00een limbile: german\u0103, francez\u0103, italian\u0103, englez\u0103, cuno\u0219tea greaca, latina, \u0219i f\u0103cuse \u0219i o pasiune pentru limba romilor. Adora teatru, pictura, muzica \u0219i dansul, iar o pl\u0103cere aparte era c\u0103l\u0103ria.<\/span><\/div>\n
o \u00ce\u0219i va \u00eemplini visul \u0219i va studia \u00een Fran\u021ba, \u00een Luneville, al\u0103turi de beizadelele domnitorului Mihail Sturdza (protectorul s\u0103u din adolescen\u021b\u0103), Grigore \u0219i Dimitrie. Aici, va cunoa\u0219te un program de instruire bogat \u0219i foarte strict, cu ore multe de studiu pe \u00eentreg parcursul s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2nii. Iat\u0103 cum se prezenta activitatea t\u00e2n\u0103rului \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103cel pe parcursul unei zile:<\/span><\/div>\n
Luni,<\/b>\u00a0de la 6-8 preg\u0103tiri pentru lec\u021biile orale \u0219i temele de scris; de la 8-10, limba greac\u0103; de la 10-11, limba latin\u0103, de la 11-12, limba german\u0103; de la 12-13, matematic\u0103; de la 13-14, pictur\u0103; de la 17-18, limba francez\u0103; de la 18-19, gimnastic\u0103 \u0219i tragerile cu arma.<\/span><\/div>\n
Sau<\/span><\/div>\n
Mar\u021bi,<\/b>\u00a0de la 6-8, studiu individual; de la 8-9, pianul; de la 9-10, dreptul; de la 10-11, geometria; de la 11-12, limba englez\u0103; de la 12-13, aritmetica; de la 13-14, limba latin\u0103; de la 17-18, limba francez\u0103; de la 18-19, gimnastica.<\/span><\/div>\n
o \u00cen 1838, va p\u0103r\u0103si Fran\u021ba \u0219i \u00eempreun\u0103 cu cei doi fii ai domnitorulului va fi trimis s\u0103 studieze la Berlin, urm\u00e2nd cursurile de drept, \u00eens\u0103, aici, traiul este costisitor \u0219i con\u0219tient de greut\u0103\u021bile materiale ce le cauzase familiei, dar \u0219i fiindu-i dor de \u021bar\u0103, roag\u0103 pe tat\u0103l s\u0103u s\u0103 cear\u0103 domnitorului s\u0103-i permit\u0103 s\u0103 se \u00eentoarc\u0103 acas\u0103.<\/span><\/div>\n
o Este pasionat de istoria patriei sale, \u00eenc\u0103 de t\u00e2n\u0103r, de aceea, va face cercet\u0103ri \u00een aceast\u0103 privin\u021b\u0103, visul s\u0103u fiind de a scrie istoria \u021b\u0103rii lui. Acest lucru se va \u00eent\u00e2mpa foarte cur\u00e2nd, mai exact, \u00een 1837, c\u00e2nd la v\u00e2rsta de 20 de ani, finalizeaz\u0103\u201e\u00a0Histoire de la Valachie, de la Moldavie et des valaques transdanubiens\u201d<\/i>\u00a0care va ap\u0103rea pentru prima oar\u0103 \u00een libr\u0103riile berlineze. De a lungul vie\u021bii, se va ocupa de editarea\u00a0\u201eLetopise\u021belor \u021a\u0103rii Moldovei\u201d<\/i>\u00a0(vor ap\u0103rea trei volume masive), consider\u00e2nd c\u0103 acestea sunt tezaurul pentru cunoa\u0219teerea trecutului patriei \u0219i pentru izvoarele de inspira\u021bie ale viitorilor scriitori, nu doar cei romantici.<\/span><\/div>\n
o Este un patriot convins care \u00ee\u0219i dedic\u0103 studiul \u0219i via\u021ba rom\u00e2nilor de pretutindeni, dorindu-\u0219i unirea lor \u00eentr-un singur neam, \u00eentr-o singur\u0103 \u021bar\u0103, Rom\u00e2nia Mare. De mare \u00eensemn\u0103tate este discursul s\u0103u legat de m\u00e2ndria de a fi rom\u00e2n moldovean:\u00a0\u201eInima mi se bate c\u00e2nd aud numele lui Alexandru cel Bun, al lui \u0218tefan cel Mare, al lui Mihai Viteazul. Da, domnilor mei, \u0219i nu m\u0103 ru\u0219inez a v\u0103 zice c\u0103 ace\u0219ti b\u0103rbate pentru mine s\u00eent mai mult dec\u00e2t Alexandru cel Mare, dec\u00e2t Anibal, dec\u00e2t Cezar. Ace\u0219tia sunt eroii lumii, \u00een schimb cei dint\u00e2i s\u00eent eroii patriei mele. (\u2026) \u201eN-a\u0219 schimba s\u0103raca Moldov\u0103 nici pentru \u00eent\u00eeiul tron din lume.\u201d<\/i><\/span><\/div>\n
o O alt\u0103 pasiune a sa este gastronomia, acesta va publica \u00eempreun\u0103 cu prietenul s\u0103u Costache Negruzzi, cartea \u201e200 de retete cercate de bucate, prajituri si alte trebi gospodaresti\u201d<\/i>\u00a0(1841), aduc\u00e2nd numeroase recomand\u0103ri pentru meniuri de ciorbe, friptur\u0103, gelatine \u0219i budinci, preparate reci de cas\u0103, torturi, cozonaci, bezele, dar \u0219i sfaturi culinare practice, cum ar fi: mijlocul de a \u021bine nucile proaspete un an \u00eentreg; mijlocul de a scoate sarea din bucatele prea s\u0103rate; mijloc ca s\u0103 se ou\u0103 g\u0103inile \u00een fie\u0219tecare vreme a anului, metod\u0103 de a limepezi vinul tulburat \u0219i altele.<\/span><\/div>\n
o\u00a0<\/b>Portretul t\u00e2n\u0103rului Kog\u0103lniceanu apare \u00eentr-o epistol\u0103 (datat\u0103 din 1840) a istoricului Florian Aaron c\u0103tre publicistul transilv\u0103nean Gheorghe Bari\u021biu (ambii spirite patriotice, figuri marcante ale Revolu\u021biei de la 1848), acesta fiind profund impresionat de t\u0103ria de caracter \u0219i spiritul emancipat \u0219i patriot al viitorului orator : \u201eKog\u0103lniceanu a fost iarna trecut\u0103 aici la noi; am avut vreo c\u00e2teva \u00eentruniri cu d\u00e2nsul. Este un t\u00e2n\u0103r b\u0103tr\u00e2n, un om deplin \u00eenv\u0103\u021bat \u0219i patriot.\u201d\u00a0<\/i>Ca aspect fizic, se spune c\u0103 nu era un b\u0103rbat ar\u0103tos, \u00eens\u0103, se f\u0103cea pl\u0103cut prin felul s\u0103u de a fi, de a vorbi. A iubit mai multe femei, \u00eens\u0103 s-a c\u0103s\u0103torit la v\u00e2rsta de 36 de ani, \u00eens\u0103 nu a r\u0103mas fidel so\u021biei, ci, tr\u0103ia \u00een paralel \u0219i o alt\u0103 poveste de dragoste.<\/span><\/div>\n
o\u00a0<\/b>Re\u00eentors \u00een \u021bar\u0103 de la studii, \u00een 1840, procur\u00e2ndu-\u0219i litere de tipar de la Ion Heliade R\u0103dulescu \u0219i \u00eenchiriind tiparni\u021ba mitrolopliei din Ia\u0219i, Kog\u0103lniceanu \u00ee\u0219i \u00eenjghebeaz\u0103 propria-i imprimerie \u0219i redac\u021bie \u00een care v\u0103d tiparul revistele\u00a0\u201eDacia literar\u0103\u201d<\/i>, \u201eFoaea s\u0103teasc\u0103\u201d<\/i>,\u00a0\u201eArhiva rom\u00e2neasc\u0103\u201d<\/i>, \u201eProp\u0103\u0219irea\u201d<\/i>, precum \u0219i numeroase volume de literatur\u0103 na\u021bional\u0103 original\u0103 \u2013 poezie, proz\u0103, teatru.<\/span><\/div>\n
o Dincolo de activitatea de publicist, \u0219i om politic, Mihail Kog\u0103lniceanu va activa \u0219i ca avocat, bucur\u00e2ndu-se de renume \u00een \u00eentreaga \u021bar\u0103 moldoveneasc\u0103, atr\u0103g\u00e2nd clientela numeroas\u0103 care va fi mul\u021bumit\u0103 de profesionalismul \u0219i spiritul oratoric des\u0103v\u00e2r\u0219it al t\u00e2n\u0103rului \u00een v\u00e2rst\u0103 de doar trezeci de ani, ce c\u00e2\u0219tiga proces dup\u0103 proces.<\/span><\/div>\n
o \u00cen urma activit\u0103\u021bii sale politice care \u00eendemna la libertate social\u0103 \u0219i na\u021bional\u0103, declar\u00e2ndu-se vehement \u00eempotriva domniei lui Mihai Sturdza, lui Kog\u0103lniceanu i se va interzice dreptul de a \u021bine prelegeri de istorie. Fiind pus sub urm\u0103rire de c\u0103tre agen\u021bii lui M. Sturdza, M. Kog\u0103lniceanu va fi nevoit, de mai multe ori s\u0103 p\u0103r\u0103seasc\u0103 \u021bara sau alteori s\u0103 se autoexileze. Se stabile\u0219te \u00een Fran\u021ba, apoi \u00een Spania, viziteaz\u0103 Italia \u0219i va adera la Francmasonerie.<\/span><\/div>\n
o Sub domnia lui Aexandru Ioan Cuza va fi m\u00e2na dreapt\u0103 a acestuia, ocup\u00e2nd func\u021bia de prim-ministru, \u00eens\u0103, pe parcurs rela\u021biile se vor r\u0103ci, exist\u00e2nd disensiuni, opinii polemice \u00eentre cei doi, astfel c\u0103 Mihail Kog\u0103lniceanu se va vedea nevoit s\u0103-\u0219i dea demisia. Cei doi prieteni de o via\u021b\u0103, ajung s\u0103 se ignore reciproc, abia salut\u00e2ndu-se pe strad\u0103.<\/span><\/div>\n
o\u00a0<\/b>Va reveni \u00een prim plan politic, \u00een timpul lui Carol I, c\u00e2nd va \u00eendeplini func\u021bia de Ministru de Externe \u0219i este numit ministru plenipoten\u0163iar al Rom\u00e2niei la Paris, \u00eentre 17 aprilie 1880 – 1 iulie 1881. Aici, va deceda pe o mas\u0103 de opera\u021bie, \u00een timpul unei grele interven\u021bii chirurgicale, departe de \u021bara sa, la v\u00e2rsta de 74 de ani, la 20 iunie 1891. Este \u00eenmorm\u00e2ntat la Cimitirul Eternitatea din Ia\u015fi.<\/span><\/div>\n
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Resurse \u0219i link-uri utilizate:<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n
Kog\u0103lniceanu, M., \u201eDiscursuri parlamentare din epoca Unirii (22 septembrie1857 \u2013 14 decembrie 1861\u201d)<\/i>, Edi\u021bie \u00eengrijit\u0103 \u0219i prefa\u021bat\u0103 de Vadimir Diculescu, Bucure\u0219ti, 1959;<\/span><\/div>\n
Pop, Augustin Z.N., \u201epe urmele lui Mihail Kg\u0103lniceanu\u201d<\/i>,<\/b>\u00a0Editura Sport-Turism, Bucure\u0219ti, 1979;<\/span><\/div>\n
https:\/\/istoriiregasite.wordpress.com\/…\/viata-si-opera…\/<\/a>;<\/span><\/div>\n
https:\/\/ro.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mihail_Kog%C4%83lniceanu<\/a>;<\/span><\/div>\n
https:\/\/istoriiregasite.wordpress.com\/…\/viata-si-opera…\/<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

de Beatrice Anisoiu Repere biografice:\u00a01817-1891, originar din Ia\u0219i, fiu al unui \u00eenst\u0103rit boier moldovean, este primul copil din cei zece … <\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4073,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nMIHAIL KOG\u0102LNICEANU - For Edu - \u00cempreun\u0103 d\u0103m via\u021b\u0103 \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103rii<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/foredu.ro\/en\/mihail-kogalniceanu\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"MIHAIL KOG\u0102LNICEANU - For Edu - \u00cempreun\u0103 d\u0103m via\u021b\u0103 \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103rii\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" 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